Temperature Increase
Global warming is defined as the global average (land-sea) surface temperature increase, from pre-industrial
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The Health and Human Rights Approach to Climate Change
'The commitment to higher warming, from constant greenhouse gas concentrations, would correspond to approximately 2°C warming' (IPCC AR5 WG1 12.5.2).
Recent research
8 July 2020: 6,500 years of global cooling reversed by human warming. Last time 1°C was 125,000 year ago.
9 July 2020: Humanity on Track to Soon Hit 1.5ºC Paris Accord Limit as Atmospheric CO2 Nears Level Not Seen in 15 Million Years.
21 Oct 2019 Historical change of El Niño properties sheds light on future changes of extreme El Niño (more & more extreme boosting surface warming
Radiative (heat) forcing is a much more reliable as an indicator- below
The global surface temperature increase is clearly accelerating- since the pre-industrial era, starting with a rapid reversal of a global cooling trend, accelerating since mid-century, and as the scientists are warning, is accelerating just over the past few years and since 2010. This recent acceleration is largely reversal of aerosl cooling sine 2010.
Decadal global warming
Copernicus, 5-year average warming- accelerated
IPCC AR6, Warming unprecedented 125,000 yrs
Unprecedented global warming.
The rate of global warming is UNPRECEDENTED.
Accelerated Global Warming
Global warming over past 2000 years
Abrupt temperature increase
Global Warming Has Accelerated Significantly, G. Foster, S. Rahmstorf, March 2026
GLOBAL WARMING IS ACCELRATING- NO QUESTION NOW
Rate of warming has DOUBLED in just the past 10 years
Forster et al, Climate Indicatros Update, April 2026
Global warming doubled 10 yrs.
Global warming is unavoidably committed by climate system science to be mucher higher than today
Global warming has reached the disastrous danger limit of 1.5 °C
Global temperatures from the past three years (2023-2025) averaged more than 1.5°C above the pre-industrial level (1850–1900) (Copernicus).
2024 was the record highest temperature increase at 1.55°C
Warming is tracking closest to the worst-case scenario (SSP5-8.5)
Radiative Forcing
Radiative forcing is the total net heat energy added to the climate system, which leads to global warming
2025 was record high human-caused forcing at 3 Watts per sq.m, (Forster, Aprl 2026)
It is increasing at an accelerating rate.